Smart Solid Waste Management

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Currently solid waste management has become a challenging task with rapid urbanization and increased population growth. Irregular collection of waste in metropolitan cities has lead to waste accumulation. <br>Municipal authorities have inadequate resources for waste management institutions

Current Issue

It is become necessary and challenging to manage the solid waste with rapid urbanization and increased population growth. In metropolitan or city areas, the clearance of waste management is one of the challenging tasks. Currently we find the trucks landing at our doorstep irregularly. These trucks discard their further path if they get filled at some point. Eventually delaying collection of waste in some regions. This leads to waste accumulation in such regions. 

After various surveys and study done by numerous organizations it has been seen that factors affecting effective solid waste management are due to improper management and lack of cutting edge technology infrastructure. Municipal authorities have inadequate resources for waste management institutions to effectively collect the waste generated.

Proposed Solution

Here a system can be deployed in general purpose dust bins placed at public places and which allows to monitor its status remotely over web browser for efficient waste management. A smart solid waste bin operates to ensure the efficient measurement of its status while consuming minimum energy. Each and every invention till date focuses more towards the monitoring the status of the dustbin by using number of ways and technologies and provide that status to the respective authority and one such way is by using the Internet of Things (IoT).

In this framework dustbins are arranged at different locations. The smart clean dustbins are related with the web to get the ongoing status. Two ultrasonic sensors are settled at the highest point of the dustbin to avoid inaccurate level measurement and is interfaced with PIC microcontroller. Weight sensor is placed at the base of the dustbin and is additionally interfaced with controller to recognize over weight of the junk filled in the dustbin. 

Both the sensors send the signals to the controller. The RF-transmitter encodes the information originating from PIC and sends to Arduino unit which acts as receiver. Arduino collects information received by the collector and transfer on website page through the Ethernet shield.

An algorithm can be developed which checks the level continuously and if dustbin is filled to its maximum limit then there is indication on LCD display and at the same time the encoded signal will be transferred by RF transmitter.

Future Challenges and Improvements

If the accumulation of wet waste is not collected regularly for disposal, then a foul smell erupts causing various harmful gases to emerge into the environment. In order to monitor this condition, gas sensors can be deployed along with the above proposed methodology. When the gas sensor senses a particular trace, it should send a warning signal to the monitoring authorities to collect and dispose the wet waste at the earliest.

This integrated sensing system offers a proficient and automatic dustbin status monitoring system at public places. Still there is good scope for improvement in algorithm which synthesize bin operative situation, its status, time threshold and loaded status perception. Further it can be extended to residential areas to collect waste regularly.

References

[1] Krishna Nirde, Prashant S. Mulay , Uttam M.Chaskar, IoT based solid waste management system for smart city, International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems ICICCS 2017.
[2] S. Vinoth Kumar, T. Senthil Kumaran, A. Krishna Kumar and Mahantesh Mathapati, Smart Garbage Monitoring and Clearance System using Internet of Things, 2017 IEEE International Conference on Smart Technologies and Management for Computing, Communication, Controls, Energy and Materials (ICSTM), Veltech Dr.RR Dr.SR University, Chennai, T.N., India. 2 - 4 August 2017.
[3] Saurabh Dugdhe1 , Pooja Shelar, Sajuli Jire and Anuja Apte, Efficient Waste Collection System2016 International Conference on Internet of Things and Applications (IOTA) Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune, India 22 Jan - 24 Jan, 2016.
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